How Is Emotion Expressed in Chinese Opera Essay - 1

How Is Emotion Expressed in Chinese Opera - Essay Example However, the vocal techniques and speech skills of performers begin to affect the audience in a unique way as the performance continues. Musical progressions and costumes of Chinese actors are different from anything witnessed in European opera. The Chinese counterpart stands distinguished in the respect that vocal techniques are used primarily in songs. Research claims that these techniques form a core principle because they help to express emotion in Chinese opera by enhancing â€Å"the aesthetic qualities of sound in the language of the pihuang musical system† (Wichmann 267). The musical system employed in Chinese opera is called Pei Huang. Musical progressions hold extreme importance in Chinese opera in terms of expressing emotion which is why Chinese opera is also sometimes called pihuang theatre. The pihuang system comprises of many elements like modal system and modes which are arranged according to requirements of a specific play to demonstrate â€Å"the fundamental p sychology of its major characters† (Wichmann 53). Discuss the debate about Nandan performance in the first several decades of the twentieth century. What were the arguments for and against men playing female roles on the Chinese opera stage? Give a brief historical overview of cross-gender performance in Chinese opera. The debate about Nandan performance poses fatal questions to Chinese opera. People still argue if it is right to abolish Nandan or not. Nandan performance is about female impersonation in Chinese opera. The early Republican era or the first several decades of the 20th century are considered the best of times for Nandan performers who are male actors entrusted with the controversial job of portraying women. The Republican stage in the early 20th century promoted the popularity of Nandan stars like Mei Lanfang and Cheng Yanqiu. These Nandan performers surpassed other male actors who played roles of idealistic macho type men.  Ã‚  

What challenges does cultural diversity present for social psychology Essay

What challenges does cultural diversity present for social psychology - Essay Example nguage also plays a part in this discussion because it is an intricate part of what makes up a culture and the language can help or hinder an individual or group as they attempt to acclimate themselves in different circumstances. Some of the work that has been done in this area is through the use of cultural models and cultural theories. One of the theories is the social schema theory. According to Wikipedia, the social schema theory helps the individual when they are in familiar situations. This brings all of the information to the individual that is relative to their current experience. "Schemas unique to individuals are created from personal experiences, whereas those shared by individuals are created from various types of common experiences" (Garro, 2000 cited in "Cultural Schema Theory" ). Garro also says that this theory helps to understand why some people have more knowledge than others. The more conversations individuals have with each other, the more information they obtain about the culture (Garro cited in Rodriguez, 2005, p. 7). Britt and Heise (1997) write about this theory in relationship to pride in culture. They support that pride and shame are related because they both can be results of how the individual perceives them. Through this they develop their understanding of their culture and their emotions help them to understand how to act inside the culture. The last part of this theory says that there are three states that people have when getting information: The situation works with an example. When people go into any type of situation whether it is cultural or business, they understand going in that they have a role to play and others have a similar role. If someone within the group acts out, they will be interrupting the reference state and that behavior will be deflected to bring the situation back to the reference state. Deflection of the situation is always relative to how much disruption is occurring. These are just a few of the theories

Opportunity Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Opportunity Journal - Assignment Example ne app can be very useful in reducing customer complaints because with its regularly updated information, the tourists can understand their destination well before hand and avoid being exploited by the locals. Proposed solution: Provide free smart tags such as reboundTAG services to all travelers. A smart tag or reboundTAG is a microchip tag that can be embedded in a customer’s baggage making it easily traceable. This is a very good way of tracking baggage, avoiding losses and delays, since the system notifies the passenger when their baggage is found. Since it is a third party service most passengers may not be able to access its beneficial features, however if the services are incorporated as part of the airline services this can lead to more satisfaction from customers and reduce the number of complaints. Proposed solution: Provide a cell phone signal booster for all office and home buildings. Cell phone boosters are used to amplify weak signals into strong signals that can bypass obstructions and provide the people within the area with a strong and reliable signal. If this is mandated for all residential and office buildings, it can save many people the stress of poor services as well as save carrier companies the cost of putting up more cell towers Problem: The main reason for printers being used widely in homes and offices is that as time moves on more portable and cheaper printers are being produced. However, the main problem with most printers is that their ink cartridges or toners are too expensive. The prices for a set of cartridges or toner can end up costing more than the initial price of the printer. Sometimes it becomes more difficult because each manufacturer have their own unique cartridges Proposed solution: Make it a policy for printer manufacturer companies to have standard refillable ink cartridges that can be bought and used by printer from any manufacturer. With a refillable ink, it will be cheaper for users to buy ink and refill their

Should drinking age be lowered to 18 like in Europe Essay

Should drinking age be lowered to 18 like in Europe - Essay Example Those speaking against reducing the drinking age support drinking in exceptional cases, such as drinking in home environment, drinking under adult guidance, for medical needs, and other similar reasons. Those who favor reducing the age bar to 18 years, the minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) from 21, counter that it has not helped teen drinking. On the contrary, it has encouraged binge drinking in private and risky surroundings, causing health and life-threatening conduct by youngsters (Procon.org 1). Just because the European drinking age is 18 years, Americans should also follow them is not a logical argument in itself. Relatively to the European countries’ teenagers’ drinking pattern, the American teenagers’ rate of drinking is lower. The American teenagers’ rate of consuming alcohol or binge drinking is similar or lesser than their European counterparts. Negative effects of increased rate of alcohol intake and binge drinking have been reported in less than 13 years old teenagers as well, which leads to the logical factor of not reducing the age bar from 21 to 18 years (Procon.org 1). Another logical argument against reducing the drinking age bar is that MLDA 21 assists teenagers to control binge drinking. Binge drinking habit is at the highest among 21- to 25-year-olds at 45.9%. Comparing this rate with that of the 12-13, 14-15, 16-17, and 18-20 age-groups, their binge drinking rates are 1.5%, 7.8%, 19.4%, and 35.7% respectively, which are relatively very lower. Considering the legal aspect, the MLDA 21 laws help in downsizing the number of drinkers below the legal drinking age. It has been observed that since 1984 when maximum numbers of MLDA 21laws were promulgated, the percentage of below-age alcohol consumption has reduced. Research has also pointed that when the alcohol consumption age is 21; those below this age consume less alcohol, and make it a habit to consume less alcohol across their

Identify and describe the major problems of domestic violence by Essay

Identify and describe the major problems of domestic violence by comparing present-day American society to that of at least 2 ot - Essay Example The problems related with domestic violence are numerous, and these issues are managed in different cultures in different ways. In the United States, the problems of domestic violence are frightening and it is established in several studies that, on an average, four women are murdered by male partner on a daily basis in the nation and the number of women killed due to domestic violence is alarmingly high. Whereas the magnitude of domestic violence in the U.S. is shocking, this appalling social evil is not confined to the U.S. alone and it is a global phenomenon. â€Å"Increasingly, domestic violence is being recognized as a very serious social problem in most countries around the world. Perhaps through studying the problem in other countries, we can continue to make progress in our own.† (Summers, xvi) Therefore, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the major problems of domestic violence in the present-day American society with those of other cultures such as Australian , Russian, Jamaican, and Japanese in order to offer a greater insight into problems related with it. ... In the United States, family or domestic violence is a reality happening on a frequent and frightening level. Several studies on the topic have maintained that sixty percent of the families in the U.S. use violence on a regular basis, while the rate of child abuse in the nation is more than ninety percent. â€Å"Further statistics indicate that 1 in 4 young American women will be raped, and 50 percent of all women will be beaten at least once in a relationship†¦ In the United States, 2,000 children a year are killed at the hands of their parents or guardians. The estimates of physical child abuse are between 2000,000 and 2.8 million a year†¦ Sexual abuse estimates range from 130,000 to 1.3 million cases a year.† (Leeder, 238) Therefore, it is essential to realize that domestic violence in the United States has been a major threat to social stability and gender equality. Several social security policies and legislations such as the Violence against Women Act in 1994 h ave been adopted in the nation to fight against the increasing number of domestic violence. A careful analysis of the current trends in the country indicates that domestic violence has been recognized as a tragic and costly phenomenon. â€Å"Since the 1970s, more accurate methods of measuring its incidence have been developed, new laws have been enacted, and a plethora of agencies have been established to not only support victims but also prevent its occurrence.† (Summers, 170) However, domestic violence has not been confined to the U.S. alone, and nations across the globe are affected by the results of this social plague. An understanding of the extend of the problems of

Operatons management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Operatons management - Essay Example Moreover, the advancement of the information technology is another important add-on for logistic management. With the used of the advance IT system, operators can track the flow of materials from the point of purchasing inputs for productions to the point finished products are sold in the retail stores. This gives enough data for logistics managers to make a wise decision for the overall business operations. Lastly, the principles and value chain are also discussed. The principles of logistic management give pointers for managers to help them gauge the correctness and effectiveness of their decision making. Transport and logistics, according to the report written by Shepherd, is a sector in which global value chain (GVCs) play a vital role in connecting countries. It is also responsible for spreading technologies. It also promotes best practice with all the countries in the world. Major shipping, freight forwarding, express delivery firms are just a few of the notable firms involved with this sector. Not only big and notable firms – transport and logistics also partners with local operators. It does not focus on first world countries alone as it extends hands to low income countries or commonly known as the third world countries to help boost their flow of goods, information and other valuable resources. In addition to its vital role as a global value chains, this sector also helps improve the trade performance of many countries around the world. For example, in order for manufacturing and agricultural industries to deliver their produce or goods to consumers quickly and reliably, they need the help of the transport and logistics sectors. A banana plantation industry depends on transports and logistics sectors to ship tons of harvested bananas to different countries. Without a cost-effective model of delivering these

Structural Geology in Petroleum Exploration Essay

Structural Geology in Petroleum Exploration - Essay Example These techniques constitute petroleum exploration, which in turn has several definitions. In one instance, oil exploration is defined as the process of searching for oil, among other petroleum related resources like gas, in the sedimentary basins of the earth. The mentioned exploration process depends on systematic utilization of technology based methods by innovative geoscientists (Larsen et al 52). It is this combination that paves way for viable drilling prospects and actual appraisal of oil zones or wells. In a different definition, petroleum exploration is considered to be a fundamental competency that should be carried out by qualified geoscientists for a prominent oil and gas organization. Evidently, there appears to be a general agreement in all definitions that geologists play a significant role in the oil exploration process. Another crucial factor to note is that, just like other exploratory studies oil searching is laden with uncertainties. It is difficult to tell whether gas or oil is present in a given place until drilling takes place. Prominent oil and gas companies usually spread the risks posed by the uncertainty over a collection of prospects, in order to manage the situation. This strategy is better than investing all capital, in terms of geology experts and equipment, in one oil drilling prospect. This paper seeks to provide a comprehensive analysis of oil exploration, by examining geological aspects, historical development t of exploration techniques and other petroleum related subjects. Background Crude oil is a derivative of living things’ remnants, which contain a material referred to as kerogen and compressed over many years. The kerogen from dead organic materials usually matures over time to form a wide variety of hydrocarbon molecules, of different molecular weight and size. The smallest of these hydrocarbon molecules usually escape in gaseous form, hence natural gas, while those with large molecular weight form a dense oily s ubstance beneath the earth’s surface. It is this viscous liquid substance that is extracted and refined to form petroleum oil and it’s diverse by products. Rocks from which petroleum is derived could be of marine or terrestrial origin. Usually, terrestrial petroleum rocks are found in river basins, lakes and deltas, which have organic materials, and algae, among other dead matter. On the other hand, source rocks for petroleum that are found in the marine environment may contain algae and dead plankton, among other organic remnants. In both environments, the organic remains get buried under pressure from overlying disintegrated materials. This implies that, for oil to be formed organic matter must be compressed under high pressure and in absence of oxygen, conditions referred to anaerobic (Larsen et al 100-152). It is under conditions devoid of oxygen that, the kerogen in dead matter changes to an easily ignited substance known as bitumen. This is made possible by the h igh prevailing temperatures, natural catalysts and microbial activity in the earth sediments. The greater portion of the bitumen formed gradually transforms into asphalt, discharging molecules of hydrocarbon, in addition to carbon dioxide and water. The viscous and dense oils get formed first, while light oils are formed as the process progresses. High subsurface temperatures lead to production of gas, and since petroleum is lighter than surrounding rocks, it rises upwards through pores and faults in the crust. The